![]() As he developed relationships with fellow artists, he began to devote more energy to his own painting. He settled in the Montmartre artist commune Bateau Lavoir, where he met Picasso, Braque, Matisse, and the American writer Gertrude Stein, who would become a lifelong admirer and collector of his work. However, since he had dodged Spain's obligatory military service, he had no passport and could neither leave France nor return to Spain.ĭuring his early years in Paris, he worked as an illustrator and satirical cartoonist for a variety of magazines and periodicals. He sold all his possessions and moved to Paris in 1906, shortly after the death of his father, and would remain in the city for much of his life. ![]() It was in 1905, while working under Carbonero, that González-Pérez changed his name to Juan Gris. Oil and Graphite on Canvas - The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New YorkĪfter leaving school, he studied painting under the tutelage of José Moreno Carbonero, a respected and sucessful artist in Madrid who had himself taught Salvador Dalí and Picasso. Flagrantly breaking the rules, and combining "low art" (design elements such as the beer bottle logo and newspaper typography) with "high art" (the traditional still life elements), Still Life with Checkered Tablecloth illustrates his brilliance in furthering the goal of Cubism: making something new out of the connections between life and art. It is a poignant reminder that the artist's homeland remained on his mind, though he would never be able to return there. The snout is the coffee cup toward the bottom of the canvas, the ear is the bottle of Bass ale to the right, and the "bull's eye" is the black-and-white coaster to the left. Like Flowers, it too contains a hidden message, this time, in reference to his native Spain: a bull's head. Here, a small bistro table with a checked tablecloth almost overflows with an assortment of objects: a bottle of red wine, bunch of grapes, coffee cups, beer bottle, a stout ceramic pot of preserves, coasters, and a French newspaper. Think of this painting as the masculine compliment to Flowers. His costumes for the Ballet Russes show his commitment to interdisciplinary collaboration, an idea that gathered momentum and became central to contemporary art.ġ915 Still Life with Checkered Tablecloth He was among the visionaries (poets, choreographers, musicians and visual artists) who built pathways among the arts.In lifting popular culture into the realm of high art, he is an important forerunner of Dada and Pop artists, among them Marcel Duchamp, Stuart Davis, and Andy Warhol. ![]() Whereas they tended to snip these elements into smithereens, however, he leaves more of the original pieces of ads and newsprint intact, as if to preserve the integrity of the originals. Like Picasso and Braque, he incorporated newsprint and advertisements into his work.Despite his radical treatment of the picture space, his well-balanced compositions, saturated colors, and traditional subjects popularized the avant-garde movement. As the artist himself put it, "I prefer the emotion that corrects the rule". Whereas Picasso and Braque delighted in destroying the conventions of painting, Gris's chief aim was to please the eye.
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